since the eighteenth congress, the party central committee with comrade as the core as a whole the domestic and international two overall situation, from the new reality, put forward a series of new concepts, new ideas new strategy, to guide the economic development of our country made historic achievements, historic changes occur, in theoretical innovation and practical innovation to form the benign interaction of economic thought, they have pointed out the right direction and provided fundamental guidance for our economic work in the new era. the economic ideological system is rigorous, rich and profound. among them, "adhering to innovation-driven development" is one of the basic contents. the general secretary's important discourse on innovation-driven development provides theoretical and action guidance for first-class universities to meet the major strategic needs of the party and the state, and to give full play to the role of the main force of basic research and the new force of major scientific and technological breakthroughs.
we have formed an innovation-led development model
"implementing the strategy of innovation-driven development is an inevitable requirement and strategic measure to accelerate the transformation of the economic development pattern and improve china's overall national strength and international competitiveness." "to pursue innovation is to pursue development, and to seek innovation is to seek the future."
first, it has provided a profound answer to the question of what kind of innovation will drive development. what we need is innovation that adheres to the "four dimensions" and can promote high-quality development. the "four dimensions" set new requirements for innovation. only innovation that can improve the quality of development, improve the quality of people's lives, promote the construction of a new development pattern, and help build a modern socialist country in an all-round way is needed for the development of a country and nation. the kind of innovation we need is the kind that can improve security. we must speed up efforts to overcome "bottleneck" technologies in important areas through scientific and technological innovation, and firmly take the initiative in innovation and development in our own hands.
second, we have provided insights into what innovation-driven development will be. innovation-driven development is high-quality development that applies the new development concept. the fifth plenary session of the 18th cpc central committee for the first time put forward the five development concepts of "innovation, coordination, green development, opening up and sharing", giving priority to innovation. coordinated development, green development, open development and shared development are conducive to strengthening the driving force of development, but the core is innovative development. if we grasp innovation, we will grasp the "bull's nose" that affects overall economic and social development. from the perspective of coordinated development, innovation is the key to overall planning and balance. in terms of green development, innovation holds the key to building a beautiful china. from the perspective of open development, innovation is crucial to a new development pattern. in terms of shared development, innovation is a lever for common prosperity. innovation-driven development is high-quality development that can help build a new development pattern. to build a new development pattern in which the domestic grand cycle plays the main role and both domestic and international cycles reinforce each other, we need to strengthen the leading role of innovation. in the analytical framework of marxist political economy, to smooth economic circulation is fundamentally to ensure the smooth circulation of production, distribution, circulation and consumption, which cannot be separated from the role of scientific and technological innovation. in the production link, it is necessary to transform the development mode driven by factor scale through scientific and technological innovation, so as to open up the blocking point of national economic circulation in the production field. in the distribution link, we must use scientific and technological innovation to realize the expansion of reproduction and strive to solve the distribution problem. in the circulation link, we must rely on scientific and technological innovation and focus on solving a number of "bottleneck" problems in view of the weak links in the industrial chain circulation. in the consumption sector, we must promote supply-side structural reform through scientific and technological innovation, further promote consumption upgrading, and accelerate supply-side structural reform guided by consumption upgrading. among these links, it is most critical to occupy a dominant position in the production link, and to occupy a dominant position in the production link, in the final analysis, we need the support of scientific and technological innovation. the strategic blueprint for innovation-driven development is a blueprint for high-quality development based on the new stage of development, applying new development concepts and building a new development pattern.
third, it gives a profound answer to the question of how to drive development through innovation. "focus on the implementation of the strategy of reinvigorating china through human resource development, and create a good ecological environment, talent innovation together the talents and use, fully arouse the staff enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of science and technology", "national laboratories, national research institutions, high level research university, science and technology leader in enterprise is an important part of national strategy of science and technology strength, and conscientiously fulfill the mission of self-reliance and self-improvement in high-level science and technology "... this series of important remarks suggest that we should attach great importance to the important role of talents as the main body of innovation. at the same time, scientific and technological innovation needs the participation of more diverse subjects, brings into play the overall effect of the integration of different scientific and technological fields, and better drives high-quality development.
innovation-driven development has demonstrated great strength in practice
since the eighteenth congress, china's science and technology innovation strength is from quantity accumulation to quality leap, from the point of breakthrough towards a system stage, improve the capacity of scientific and technological progress to economic growth contribution rate increased from 52.2% in 2012 to more than 60% in 2021, vigorously promote the transformation and upgrading of industry, and provides the economic and social steady healthy and sustainable development strategy.
since the implementation of the innovation-driven development strategy, china has made a series of innovation achievements that serve the country's major strategic needs. it has made a number of internationally influential original achievements in stem cells, quantum information, aerospace and brain sciences. the chang 'e-5, tianwen 1, hualong 1 and zuchongzhi spacecraft were successfully launched, occupying a place in the world's cutting-edge scientific and technological fields. facing the main economic battlefields, china has continuously promoted its industries to the medium-high end with the supply of high-quality science and technology. strategic emerging industries represented by new-generation information technology, biotechnology, high-end equipment, and green environmental protection have developed rapidly. information and digital technologies have been deeply integrated with traditional industries, fostering new products and new forms of business such as smart terminals, telemedicine and online education. solar photovoltaic, wind power, new display, semiconductor lighting, advanced energy storage and other industries are among the largest in the world. china's research and development of ultra-supercritical high-efficiency power generation technology of one million kilowatts has a minimum coal consumption of 264 grams per kilowatt-hour, ranking among the world's advanced levels. in response to major national needs, china has accelerated efforts to tackle core technologies in key areas, and the first batch of national laboratories has been established, continuously improving its innovation capacity to support major national needs. we supported major projects with innovation. in terms of improving national infrastructure, the construction of major projects such as the hong kong-zhuhai-macao bridge and the sichuan-tibet railway was carried out smoothly, and the construction of new types of infrastructure was accelerated. by the end of 2021, more than 1.425 million 5g base stations had been built and put into operation, accounting for more than 60% of the global total. in ensuring national energy security, china has made clean and efficient use of deep-sea oil, gas and coal, and breakthroughs have been made in new nuclear power technologies. we have made a number of scientific and technological innovations in vaccines, drugs, and testing reagents for the people's health. we have made more high-quality innovations in medicines, high-end domestic medical devices, and advanced diagnosis and treatment technologies for the people.
since the implementation of the innovation-driven development strategy, china has made significant achievements in the institutional mechanisms to ensure innovation. steady progress has been made in the system of chief technical engineer responsibility, the system of contracting funds, the system of credit commitment, and the reform of the compensation system in universities and research institutes. the innovation vitality of talents of all kinds has been stimulated. investment in innovation has increased significantly, with r&d spending increasing from 1.03 trillion yuan in 2012 to 2.79 trillion yuan in 2021, r&d investment intensity increasing from 1.91 percent to 2.44 percent, and investment in basic research accounting for 4.84 percent to 6.09 percent of total social r&d investment. the guarantee of innovative talents has been further strengthened. we attach great importance to the role of human resources as the primary resource, discover, cultivate and cultivate talents in innovation practice, and form the largest team of scientists and engineers in the world. international cooperation on innovation has been further enhanced, and joint research with other countries has yielded fruitful results in such areas as climate change, food security and human life and health.
giving play to the leading role of first-class universities
at present, the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation is at the historic juncture of achieving major breakthroughs. china faces both new challenges and major opportunities in its innovative development. with the largest higher education system in the world, china has a broad stage for the development of various undertakings. under the background of vigorously implement the strategy of innovation driven development, first-class university has the responsibility and obligation to play their own intelligence, talent and resources advantages, the development of science and technology is the first productivity, fosters the talent resources, enhancing innovation first power better together, at a high level of science and technology support and high quality to promote economic and social development.
first, we need to build an innovation synergy matrix to enhance the efficiency of scientific and technological innovation in first-class universities. first-class universities should be deeply integrated into the overall development of the country, actively participate in major national development strategies, such as revitalizing the country through science and education, strengthening the country through talent, and innovation-driven development. according to the "four fronts" strategy, they should clarify the direction of innovation, optimize the allocation of scientific research resources, and form a coordinated array of innovation.
we should strengthen demand-oriented development, strengthen the foundation, and cultivate strategic scientific and technological strength. we should give full play to our role as a source of major scientific and technological breakthroughs, be guided by the world's frontiers in science and technology and the major needs of industrial development, increase our awareness of collaboration and openness, and focus on building national-level platforms for scientific and technological innovation. we should coordinate resources, rationally distribute them across the country, actively plan to build new national laboratories and key state laboratories, integrate provincial innovation platforms, provide powerful technical and platform support for major national basic frontier research, and promote high-quality collaborative innovation.
we will strive to optimize their distribution, highlight their distinctive features, and deepen cooperation in key projects. based on major needs and application scenarios, we should actively organize and deeply participate in interdisciplinary, cross-disciplinary and cross-border scientific and technological exchanges and cooperation, and strengthen complementarity and collaborative innovation. we should adhere to the solution of major scientific frontier problems and basic scientific problems as the center, continue to optimize the organization and research mode, strengthen the industry-university-research cooperation with leading enterprises and "specialized, refined, special and new" small and medium-sized enterprises, to provide support and guarantee for the exploration and refinement of technological needs and the promotion and application of new technologies. to promote kejilian depth fusion, innovation chain and industry chain, build on the basic of original industrialization application, key core technology breakthrough to a more complete industry chain, promote new technology, new achievements in industry application, enhance our influence in the global industrial chain supply chain innovation chain, focus on service quality and economic development.
second, we should build an innovative ecological culvert system to stimulate the vitality of scientific and technological innovation in first-class universities. first-class universities should strengthen coordination and multi-level interaction, adhere to the people-oriented approach, deepen reform, create a favorable environment for innovation, and create a vivid situation in which scientific and technological innovation serves economic and social development with an open system and diversified joint efforts.
we should explore flexible mechanisms, strengthen reserves, and forge an echelon of talents for growth. top-tier universities should formulate a scientific talent development policy list and attract innovative talents through a flexible and precise market-oriented mechanism. we should give full play to the leading role of the platform, make good use of the resources of research institutions in different places, introduce and train leading talents, young scientific and technological talents, postdoctoral fellows and outstanding engineers in a targeted and differentiated way, and build a diverse team of talents with good scientific literacy and the ability to solve complex engineering problems. grasp the relationship between talent, technology and market deeply, promote the construction of talent training carrier, match talent team according to demand, improve the talent flow market mechanism, and create a new magnetic field for talent agglomeration.
strengthen cooperation between research and industry, integrate industry and education, and deepen the reform of scientific research system. we should actively introduce a series of systems to support scientific and technological innovation and industrial incubation, jointly build industrial incubation centers, pilot maturation bases and engineering centers with local governments, enterprises and scientific research institutions, and form industry-university-research-application alliances. adhere to the high-level scientific research to support the cultivation of first-class talents, deepen the cooperation between universities, local enterprises to build joint training bases, practice and training bases, scientific research and practice bases, etc. encourage and support the transformation of scientific research achievements through the resource platform of research institutions in other places, support the incubation of high-tech enterprises with core competitiveness and market application prospects through technology investment and other forms, promote the organic connection of innovation chain, industrial chain and market demand, and continuously promote the transformation of innovation achievements into real productivity.
third, we will implement the innovation subject cultivation project to enhance the scientific and technological innovation strength of first-class universities. as a collaborative innovation consortium built by universities and local governments, the research institutions in different places should take the innovative development path of "taking root in local areas - exporting advantages - doing solid work - creating first-class" by integrating the superior resources and innovative forces of both universities and local governments.
docking strategic needs, precise delivery, matching local industrial layout. the cooperation between the university and the local government to build research institutions in different places should be prospectively analyzed and scientifically determined. on the basis of precise docking of major national strategies, long-term planning should be carried out in accordance with the overall goal of cultivating scientific and technological innovation talents and laying the foundation for scientific and technological innovation for the development of local emerging industries in the future. adhere to the university's own scientific and technological innovation talents, scientific and technological innovation advantage areas and local industrial layout, market demand depth matching, integration of university and local advantage resources, to build a high-level engineering research and development center, industrial incubation center in the local. implement the dynamic management mechanism of research institutions in different places, do not blindly expand the number, adhere to make it, make it stronger, make it better, make it better, establish a closed-loop assessment mechanism with research funds as the core, and ensure the implementation of the output of research institutions in different places by assessing the input-output ratio. in terms of integrating institutions into local areas, establishing rules and regulations, attracting talents, and collaborative education, the advantages of the university should be integrated, so as to make the research institutions in other places the characteristic brand name card and regional demonstration leading benchmark of the first-class universities in the local area.
promote the implementation of the results, create a first-class, and build a shared and win-win ecology. ensuring that scientific and technological innovation talents, research funds, first-class projects and industries take root is an important symbol of the leap from "making solid achievements" to "first-class" in the research institutions of universities in other places. we should adhere to the people-oriented approach, focus on engineering expansion and first-class disciplines, and continue to improve the self-hematopoiesis ability of research institutions in different places according to the development path of "advance layout, engineering support and industrial transformation". we should focus on the introduction and training of top leading talents, the construction of national platform for scientific and technological innovation, the implementation of national major scientific and technological innovation projects, and the cultivation of first-class industrial clusters, and form a virtuous cycle of "advantage output -- achievement transformation -- enterprise incubation -- industrial upgrading -- benefit improvement -- social recognition". build a benign ecology of high-quality resources gathering and feeding back the development of local industries, expand the social influence of first-class universities in the service contribution, and continue to drive regional economic and social development.
source: state-owned assets supervision and administration commission of the state council